Yuanlitai Medical Technology Co. Ltd

【Cas No】 72909-34-3

【化学名】 4,5-二氢-4,5-二氧代-1H-吡咯并[2,3-f]喹啉-2,7,9-三羧酸

【别 名】 PQQ酸（吡咯喹啉醌）

【分子式】 C14H6N2O8

【分子量】 330.21

【纯 度】 99%

【储 存】 遮光、密封、常温保存
PQQ 降血糖血脂相关
1. PQQ的膳食补充有改善血脂水平，控制血糖浓度的潜在效果。
吡咯喹啉醌（PQQ）是一种天然生物活性物质，是一种水溶性氧化还原辅酶，被认为是一种新型B族维生素PQQ广泛分布于多种膳食来源中，具有潜在的健康益处，如抗炎、抗氧化等。 ，抗糖尿病和心脏保护作用。 多项研究表明，PQQ 缺乏会导致免疫功能障碍、生长障碍和繁殖性能异常。哺乳动物不能合成 PQQ，因此，膳食补充 PQQ 对于维持人类健康至关重要。 一些研究表明，PQQ 可以保护心脏免受氧化应激损伤、心肌缺血/再灌注损伤、肥厚和心力衰竭。 然而，PQQ对DCM的保护作用及其相关机制尚不清楚。 该研究首次证明PQQ可显着减轻糖尿病小鼠的心肌损伤，包括心肌纤维化和心肌肥厚。 此外，PQQ 被发现可以抑制糖尿病小鼠和高糖处理的 AC16 细胞中 NF-κB/细胞焦亡信号通路的激活。

使用 40 毫克/公斤/天的 PQQ 治疗可显着降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖浓度，但对体重没有影响.(表二)


Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a natural bioactive substance, is a water-soluble redox coenzyme that is considered to be a new B vitamin PQQ is distributed widely in multiple dietary sources and exhibits potential health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory , anti-oxidative，anti-diabetic, and cardioprotective effects. Several studies have demonstrated that PQQ deficiency leads to immune dysfunction, growth impairment, and abnormal reproductive performance Mammals do not synthesize PQQ and, therefore, dietary supplementation with PQQ is essential for maintaining human health. Some studies have shown that PQQ protects the heart against oxidative stress injury , myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertrophy and heart failure. However, the protective effect of PQQ against DCM and the associated mechanism are not clear. This study has demonstrated for the first time that PQQ significantly alleviated myocardial damage, including myocardial fibrosis and myocardial hypertrophy, in diabetic mice. Further, PQQ was found to inhibit the activation of the NF-κB/pyroptosis signaling pathway in diabetic mice and high glucose-treated AC16 cells.

Treatment with 40 mg/kg/day PQQ significantly reduced the blood glucose concentrations of diabetic mice, but had no effect on body weight.

参考：Qu XF, Zhai BZ, Hu WL, Lou MH, Chen YH, Liu YF, Chen JG, Mei S, You ZQ, Liu Z, Zhang LJ, Zhang YH, Wang Y. Pyrroloquinoline quinone ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting the pyroptosis signaling pathway in C57BL/6 mice and AC16 cells. Eur J Nutr. 2022 Jun;61(4):1823-1836. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02768-w. Epub 2022 Jan 8. PMID: 34997266; PMCID: PMC9106599.


内容2 ：

该研究展示了PQQ在2小时和24小时处理后对脂质含量的不同影响，即自由脂肪酸水平的降低。 PQQ对特定脂质部分含量和组成以及胰岛素抵抗L6肌管中参与脂质代谢的酶表达的影响，PQQ 和 PGC-1α 在脂肪酸酯化为特定脂质库（例如 TAG 和 CER）中的作用，分别是保护性部分和有害部分，以实现适当的细胞功能。

The impact of short- (2 h) and long-term (24 h) exposure to PQQ on particular lipid fraction content and composition as well as the expression of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism in insulin-resistant L6 myotubes is described herein.


参考：Supruniuk E, Mikłosz A, Chabowski A. Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Modifies Lipid Profile, but Not Insulin Sensitivity, of Palmitic Acid-Treated L6 Myotubes. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 8;21(21):8382. doi: 10.3390/ijms21218382. PMID: 33171690; PMCID: PMC7664924.


内容三:
参考：Kumar N, Kar A. Effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone and vitamin C on diabetes associated cardiac oxidative damages and hyperlipidemia in mice: biochemical and histopathological study. MOJ Bioequiv Availab. 2017;4(1):201-209. DOI: 10.15406/mojbb.2017.04.00059

高血糖加剧与氧化应激和高脂血症有关，这也是糖尿病相关心血管问题危险因素增加的原因。吡咯并喹啉醌 (PQQ) 是一种已知的抗氧化剂，研究探索了 PQQ 在调节 STZ 诱导的心脏氧化损伤和相关心血管问题方面迄今为止未知的潜力。研究将健康雄性小鼠分为血糖正常、血糖正常等七组。糖尿病动物服用 PQQ（尤其是 20mg/kg）后，所有这些副作用均得到改善，LPO、LOOH、LDH 和不同脂质均有所下降。

Enhanced hyperglycemia is associated with oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia that is also responsible for an increased risk factor for diabetes associated cardiovascular problems.pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a known antioxidative agent, the primary aim of this study was to explore the hitherto unknown potential of PQQ in regulating STZ–induced oxidative damages in heart and associated cardiovascular problems.Following the administration of PQQ, particularly at 20mg/kg in diabetic animals, all these adverse effects were ameliorated with a decrease in LPO, LOOH, LDH and different lipids; with a parallel increase in cellular antioxidants, HDL–C and insulin level, suggesting cardioprotective effects of the test drug. Better effects were observed, as compared to that of Vit. C. Our study reveals that PQQ may have better ameliorating potential than Vit. C in regulation of the cardiovascular problems in diabetic patients.




内容四：
参考：Qiu K, Zhao Q, Wang J, Qi GH, Wu SG, Zhang HJ. Effects of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone on Lipid Metabolism and Anti-Oxidative Capacity in a High-Fat-Diet Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Chick Model. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 1;22(3):1458. doi: 10.3390/ijms22031458. PMID: 33535680; PMCID: PMC7867196.

代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪肝（MAFLD）及其与许多代谢途径的相互作用引起了全球公共卫生问题。该研究旨在确定吡咯喹啉醌（PQQ，由 PQQ.Na2 提供）对鸡模型和原代鸡肝细胞中 MAFLD 的治疗作用，重点关注脂质代谢、抗氧化能力和线粒体生物合成。在细胞和个体水平上，PQQ 被证明可以通过改善线粒体生物发生和维持氧化还原稳态来发挥肝细胞和肝脏免受脂肪积累的保护作用。
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its interaction with many metabolic pathways raises global public health concerns. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, provided by PQQ.Na2) on MAFLD in a chick model and primary chicken hepatocytes with a focus on lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative capacity, and mitochondrial biogenesis. At both the cellular and individual levels, PQQ was demonstrated to exert protective effects of hepatocyte and liver from fat accumulation through the improvement of mitochondrial biogenesis and maintenance of redox homeostasis